There are substantial populations belonging to non-Christian religions particularly Islam in many European countries. Latin American Culture & Traditions | What is Latin America? The two sides of Europe do not appear to be moving closer on these questions with younger generations. In addition, when it comes to views about Muslims and Jews, young adults in most countries in Central and Eastern Europe are no more accepting than their elders. What the data says about gun deaths in the U.S. regarding European colonization of Asia and popular folklores and figures. Altogether, these countries have a population of approximately 152 million people. Eastern Europe is depopulating faster than any other region. Europe has a population for more than 747 million people. While this is substantially lower than the median of 86% in Western Europe, it's much higher than the median of 46% who say the same in Central and Eastern Europe. Life in this part of Europe is even more laid-back and relaxed than further north. Life in Eastern Europe has more and more in common with the West every day, especially in cities, where fast food chains are now common. Another common eastern European facial feature is a wide nose. The face shape, eye color, complexion, etc., depending on their genetics and region. Russia is by far the largest and most populous country in Eastern Europe. Governments also tend to take a much heavier hand in their economies to this day, and will work hard to actively provide jobs for their people. To be sure, some Central and Eastern European countries, such as the Czech Republic, Estonia and Bulgaria, overwhelmingly favor legal abortion. Western Europe refers to the western part of Europe. Thanks to the USSR, there are some large Russian populations and similar cultural attitudes. It helped me pass my exam and the test questions are very similar to the practice quizzes on Study.com. Today, it is home to 15 countries. On balance, Central and Eastern Europeans also are more likely to say they believe in God, and to express some New Age or folk religious beliefs such as that certain people can cast curses or spells that cause bad things to happen to someone (the evil eye). And although the divide is less stark, Western Europeans are more likely to express acceptance toward Jews in their neighborhoods as well. Western Europe (Robinson Project)By Serg!o [GFDL or CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons, 2. People will routinely spend several hours eating a meal with family. 4Religion is significantly less important to Europeans than to Americans. (see here), majorities in all of these countries view being born in their country and having ancestry there as important components of national identity. (+1) 202-419-4372 | Media Inquiries. However, these arent just Eastern European traits; they are human traits. Age differences are stronger in Western Europe than in Eastern Europe on this issue: Younger adults across most of Western Europe are more likely than those ages 35 and older to prefer separation of church and state. But you don't have to go far from a major city to find this attitude change. To really get a sense of traditional Eastern European culture, you have to venture beyond the cities into small towns and hamlets. Now, radicalizing illiberal regimes in the East European region, such as those in Poland and Hungary, also pose major political challenges to . In Poland, Germany and Italy, fewer than half think this kind of speech should be legal. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 84,000 The subregion has a population of about 106 million, which makes it the least populous of the European subregions. The UK is the mother country of the once mighty British Empire, one of the most powerful empires in human history. Compare the Difference Between Similar Terms. The UK is no longer the juggernaut that it once was, but it is still the most populous country in Northern Europe, with a population of nearly 68 million. Europeans throughout the continent generally show far less religious commitment than adults previously surveyed in other regions.8. In France and the United Kingdom, for example, most say it is not important to be Christian to be truly French or truly British. Western Europe: Western Europe refers to the western part of Europe. The subregion is home to two of Europes biggest political and economic powers, France and Germany. The advancements that these ancient civilizations made in governance, science, architecture, and the arts helped shape both Europe and the rest of the world. During the cold war period, this region was referred to as the Eastern bloc or else the Soviet bloc. People are also much more religious here, especially in Italy where the Catholic faith is dominant. Further south, on the southern coast of France is the tiny principality of Monaco, which is distinguished by, among other things, being the most densely populated nation-state on Earth. But majorities in several of the Central and Eastern European countries surveyed express such certainty about Gods existence, including in Romania (64%), Greece (59%) and Croatia (57%). Western Europe is the part of Europe that generally includes the UK, France, Spain, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and Luxembourg. The United Nations Geoscheme divides Europe into 4 subregions: Eastern Europe, Western Europe, Northern Europe, and Southern Europe. 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But on the whole, people in Western European countries are much more likely than their neighbors in the East to embrace multiculturalism. 1. At much higher elevations are the Alpine countries of Switzerland, Austria, and the small principality of Liechtenstein. (See Religion in Latin America: Widespread Change in a Historically Catholic Region and Tolerance and Tension: Islam and Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa.) In Western Europe, on the other hand, in no country does a majority express belief in the evil eye. Similarly, roughly three-in-ten Slovaks, Greeks and Ukrainians say they pray daily, compared with 8% in Austria and Switzerland. Unexpected transformations in Eastern Europe have been central to the remaking of contemporary Europe. Indeed, Eastern Europeans routinely speak about the West (clumping the US and Western Europe) as if were all the same. In addition, all the Western European countries surveyed have sizable populations of religiously unaffiliated people those who identify as atheist, agnostic or nothing in particular, collectively sometimes called nones. Nones make up at least 15% of the population in every Western European country surveyed, and they are particularly numerous in the Netherlands (48%), Norway (43%) and Sweden (42%). Teens Take After Their Parents Religiously, Attend Services Together and Enjoy Family Rituals, How do European countries differ in religious commitment? 1 (3 views). 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Although there is no longer a physical east-west barrier in Europe, there still exists a faint, but measurable, cultural and economic divide. Deep underwater, temperatures are close to freezing and the pressure is 1,000 times higher than at sea level. Eastern European is what is called a panethnicity, which describes a group of ethnicities with common origins. Its a pity we dont copy Eastern Europe and seal off vast areas in our city center for walkers. However, today, Westerners are saddled with convoluted tax codes, while Eastern Europeans are champions of flat taxes. Eastern Europeans are usually very religious, though here, the most common faith is generally Eastern Orthodox. Your email address will not be published. Westerners aim for a fierce and confident look, while Asians are more geared towards a 'light' and more natural look. Roughly half of Slovaks, for example, say they favor same-sex marriage, and a similar share say they would accept Muslims in their family lower shares than in most Western European countries, but well above their neighbors in the East. In Western Europe, meanwhile, majorities in nearly every country surveyed say religion should be kept separate from government policies. None of the Central and Eastern European countries surveyed allow same-sex marriages. All the countries of Western Europe, with the exception of Switzerland, Monaco, and Liechtenstein, are members of the EU. And in Ukraine, politicians have expressed plans to apply for membership in the future. And Protestantism is the dominant Christian tradition in much of Northern Europe, particularly Scandinavia. For statistical purposes, the United Nations Geoscheme divides the continent into four different subregions: Eastern Europe, Western Europe, Southern Europe, and Northern Europe. In Ukraine, meanwhile, young adults and older adults look very similar on this question (68% vs. 69%). Lesson for Kids: Facts & Climate. Eastern and Western Europeans Differ on Importance of Religion, Views of Minorities, and Key Social Issues People in Central and Eastern Europe are less accepting of Muslims and Jews, same-sex marriage, and legal abortion A train in Austria (left) versus Serbia (right). Russia and the other 9 countries that make up the subregion of Eastern Europe once comprised what was commonly known as the Eastern bloc during the Cold War. Therefore, do not misunderstand the information. These are among the findings of Pew Research Center surveys conducted across Central and Eastern Europe in 2015 and 2016 and Western Europe in 2017.7. Theres one characteristic that all Eastern Europeans share, from Finland to Macedonia, from Slovenia to Ukraineits toughness. For example, fully half or more of adults in Greece, Bosnia, Armenia, Georgia and Romania say religion is very important in their lives, compared with about one-in-ten in France, Germany, the United Kingdom and several other Western European countries. Meanwhile, far fewer Western Europeans say they are currently Christian than say they were raised Christian. I feel like its a lifeline. All human development, from large cities to small towns, shines light into the night sky. Eastern Europeans are a gritty, intense, and supernaturally sturdy people. In seven Central and Eastern European countries, however, the view that church and state should be separate falls short of a majority position. But in the East, views are more varied. There is a strong tradition of hospitality in Eastern Europe, and generosity and goodwill are common: from inviting strangers to dinner to offerings of drinks and gifts. For more on how the European Court of Justice has handled these issues, see Ferraro, Francesca, and Jess Carmona. All these countries are part of different subregions of Europe as defined by the UN Geoscheme. Though the Cold War has long past, there is still a struggle for influence in Eastern Europe. In France, only 14% consider religion very important. What is the Physical Geography of Europe? While large majorities across the continent say they were baptized Christian, and most European countries still have solid Christian majorities, the survey responses indicate a significant decline in Christian affiliation throughout Western Europe. For example, 98% of Danes, 96% of Hungarians and 87% of Russians say it is important to respect their institutions and laws to truly be Danish, Hungarian or Russian. It also has the subregions largest economy, which is also the fifth largest in the world. 1615 L St. NW, Suite 800Washington, DC 20036USA Europeans across the continent are largely united in support of a separation between religion and government. Copyright 2007-2023 & BIG THINK, BIG THINK PLUS, SMARTER FASTER trademarks owned by Freethink Media, Inc. All rights reserved. Michael Derrer observed another common bond that was neither negative nor positive. The surveys asked respondents across the continent whether they agree with the statement, Our people are not perfect, but our culture is superior to others. While there are exceptions, Central and Eastern Europeans overall are more inclined to say their culture is superior. Along with the inventions of the industrial revolution, countries have been able to gain a high economic development rate. In some cases, these views are almost universally held. https://www.nielsenreport.org The difference between Western Europe and Eastern Europe (and why it matters) During the last couple of years, it has becom. Michael Derrer, a Swiss consultant and translator for Eastern Europe, told me, Western perfectionism asks for improving situations, which of course is good in the long run, but Eastern Europeans can cope with situations that are not perfect, which is useful for the short-term individual well-being.. They also tend to have thicker eyebrows than other ethnic groups. Lithuania (33% flat tax) and Latvia (25%) followed. Still, there are notable differences across the Atlantic. People drive faster, talk to the neighbors less, and work longer hours. For the European Union, whose members include 24 of the 34 countries surveyed in this report, the term European values tends to signify what Americans might consider liberal ideals.2 The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union includes respect for cultural and religious diversity; prohibitions against discrimination based on religion and sexual orientation; the right to asylum for refugees; and guarantees of freedom of movement within the EU.3. Required fields are marked *. FutureLearn: Online Courses and Degrees from Top Universities @media (max-width: 1171px) { .sidead300 { margin-left: -20px; } } Since 2015, the have grown by 300 percent in the US. Of course, Eastern Europeans are a diverse bunch, as The Hidden Europe certainly proves. Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World, Eastern and Western Europeans Differ on Importance of Religion, Views of Minorities, and Key Social Issues, important component of their national identity, Religious Belief and National Belonging in Central and Eastern Europe, Religion in Latin America: Widespread Change in a Historically Catholic Region, Tolerance and Tension: Islam and Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa. Eastern European culture often involves venting about misfortunes; when compared to the unusually positive culture of America, the differences are stark. Crime is also relatively low, even in cities. In Bosnia, roughly half of the population is Muslim, while Russia and Bulgaria have sizable Muslim minority populations. Is Christianity a European value? What about secularism? For instance, while just 30% in the U.S. think sex between unmarried adults is morally unacceptable, this is nonetheless significantly higher than what our 2013 poll found in Europe. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. Americans and Europeans share many things: a commitment to fundamental democratic principles, a strategic alliance that has shaped the world order for more than half a century, and despite serious economic challenges in recent years, some of the highest living standards in the world. In Belgium, for example, 55% of respondents currently identify as Christian, compared with 83% saying they were raised Christian. Sometimes Scandinavia is included due to cultural similarities, sometimes not. But in several others, including Poland, Russia and Ukraine, the balance of opinion tilts in the other direction, with respondents more likely to say that abortion should be mostly or entirely illegal. 1. A sampling of other topics that are said to divide Eastern and Western Europe, other than those included in this report, include sentiment regarding democracy; the importance of individualism in society, as opposed to collectivism; and overall economic well-being. Eastern-Europe-map2 by CrazyPhunk self-made based upon: Image:Eastern-Europe-map2.png. People speak languages with Slavic roots. In most other parts of Central and Eastern Europe, Christian shares of the population have been relatively stable by this measure. Leaders often cite European values when defending their stances on highly charged political topics. Life in Western Europe is different from Eastern Europe. Thats natural because there are common bonds, despite the diversitythe same goes for Eastern Europe. These rights and principles are part of the EUs legal system and have been affirmed in decisions of the European Court of Justice going back decades.4 But the membership of the EU has changed in recent years, beginning in 2004 to spread significantly from its historic western base into Central and Eastern Europe. Read our research on: Congress | Economy | Black Americans. Another important reason is a connection with their national heritage. When Gallup asked, Did you experience stress yesterday? Russians were the most chilled out Europeans, with just one in 10 answering yes. The Eastern European subregion stretches from the Ural Mountains in the east to the western borders of Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, and Bulgaria. Western Europe: People speak romance languages and languages with Germanic roots. Eastern Europeans (Slavs) have darker skin than northern Europeans. Once there, you'll discover friendly and welcoming cultures, with a heavy Russian influence. This belief is most widespread in Greece (66%), Latvia (66%), Ukraine (60%), Armenia (59%), Moldova (57%), Russia (56%) and Bulgaria (55%). Many Eastern European cities are not designed around cars, and walking is common. This is especially common in Spain, Southern Italy, and Greece. 1.8k Advances in artificial intelligence have led to the increased use of facial-recognition technology. All of Europes countries are generally classified as developed countries, though some are more developed than others. And large shares in both Eastern and Western European countries say speaking the national language is important to sharing their national identity. The United Nations Geoscheme divides Europe into 4 subregions: Eastern Europe, Western Europe, Northern Europe, and Southern Europe. But a general East-West pattern is also apparent on at least one other measure of nationalism: cultural chauvinism. Eastern Europe: Eastern Europe is comparatively less advanced regarding the economy. Create your account, 55 chapters | Survey results suggest that Europes regional divide over same-sex marriage could persist into the future: Across most of Central and Eastern Europe, young adults oppose legalizing gay marriage by only somewhat narrower margins than do their elders. Majorities favor same-sex marriage in every Western European country surveyed, and nearly all of these countries have legalized the practice. The Romanian language consists of 75% Latin, 20% Dacian and 5% Slavic. Today, 72% of Americans say homosexuality should be accepted by society, compared with 21% who say it should not be accepted. Research shows that spending more time on social media is associated with body image issues in boys and young men. In addition to the 24 EU countries surveyed, two additional ones in the survey Serbia and Bosnia are in various stages of accession, the yearslong process of joining the EU. Specifically, our European participants clearly fixated the eyes more in Caucasian (own-race) than in Asian (other-race) faces, in which, in comparison to Caucasian faces, they looked at the nose more often. Eastern Europeans are less stressed than Western Europeans. Among the Western European countries surveyed, only in Portugal (44%) do more than three-in-ten say they are absolutely certain that God exists. The eight countries where this attitude is most prevalent are all geographically in the East: Greece, Georgia, Armenia, Bulgaria, Russia, Bosnia, Romania and Serbia. I took trains all the way from Istanbul to London, and eastern and western Europe felt like different worlds. How abortion is regulated around the world. During the twentieth century, few regions on the planet suffered as much as Eastern Europeans. Theyve fulfilled a capitalist fantasy: simple, predictable taxes. Adults in both regions say it is important to respect their countrys institutions and laws and to be able to speak the national language to truly share their national identity. About Pew Research Center Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. Although Greece was not part of the Eastern bloc, it is categorized in Central and Eastern Europe because of both its geographical location and its public attitudes, which are more in line with Eastern than Western Europe on the issues covered in this report. In the Eastern European countries, the conservative ideas are more prominent in comparison to the Western region. African Geography | Features & Landscape in Africa, Southwest Asia | Facts, Human Geography & Physical Geography. Life in Europe, like anywhere, varies a lot. Nordics in eastern Europe, Asia, and North Africa may have been formed by separate recombinations or simple depigmentations of comparable Mediterranean strains, or by invasions of these regions from an European or West Asiatic depigmentation center. Eastern Europe: Eastern Europe is comparatively less advanced regarding the economy. Of course, there are other shared positive traits in Eastern Europe. Eastern Europeans also tend to have high cheekbones, which helps to protect against the cold wind. Just over half in the U.S. (53%) say religion is very important in their life,nearly double the share who hold this view in Poland, which registered the highest percentage among EU nations polled in 2015. Mediterranean Europe is an area that includes Eastern Spain, southern France, Italy, Croatia, Greece, Montenegro, and Albania. The countries of Scandinavia are well-known for their cradle-to-grave welfare states. On balance, there are smaller shares of nones and larger shares of Christians in Central and Eastern Europe, though a plurality of Estonians (45%) are unaffiliated, and the Czech Republic is the only country surveyed on the entire continent where nones form a majority (72%). It is different from Western Europe. Every European country, he said, has the right to defend its Christian culture, and the right to reject the ideology of multiculturalism, as well as the right to reject immigration and to defend the traditional family model. Earlier in the year, in an address to the Hungarian parliament, he criticized the EU stance on migration: In Brussels now, thousands of paid activists, bureaucrats and politicians work in the direction that migration should be considered a human right. Western Europeans also are less likely to say they are certain of their belief in God. This may reflect the fact that multiple languages are spoken in these countries, including large numbers of Russian speakers in Moldova, Ukraine and Belarus. Eastern Europe: Albania, Bosnia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Georgia, Hungary, Latvia, Poland, Russia, Romania, Turkey, Ukraine, Serbia, Slovakia, Moldova, Lithuania are some countries of Eastern Europe. This part of Europe is by far the richest and contains major financial centers like London and Paris. (At the same time, its worth noting that on this and other questions there are differences within Europe too. But Southern Europe is more than just the ruins of ancient civilizations. 1973. I do appreciate the liberalization in the western world during the past 40 years. By Ferenc Lacz. Eastern Europe is the largest and most populous subregion of Europe. Also, the people follow many religions such as Orthodox Christianityand also Islam. Amongst 269 samples of Savonians (Eastern Finns), 92.2% of them belong to Haplogroup N. Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbn has articulated one strain of opposition to the EUs conception of European values, declaring in July 2018 that Central Europe has a special culture. 5. Among the other, smaller countries of Western Europe are the so-called Low Countries of the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg. Relatively large amounts of time are spent with family, and mealtimes are extremely important to many cultures in this area, especially French, Italian, and Greek cultures. Eastern Europe is the largest and most populous . Other questions asked on the survey point to a further East-West values gap with respect to key social issues, such as same-sex marriage and legal abortion. Eastern Europe: Eastern Europe refers to the eastern part of Europe. These differences emerge from a series of surveys conducted by Pew Research Center between 2015 and 2017 among nearly 56,000 adults (ages 18 and older) in 34 Western, Central and Eastern European countries, and they continue to divide the continent more than a decade after the European Union began to expand well beyond its Western European roots to include, among others, the Central European countries of Poland and Hungary, and the Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. The Central and Eastern Europe surveys were conducted via face-to-face-interviews, while Western Europeans were surveyed by telephone. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. 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But in most other countries surveyed, Muslims and Jews make up relatively small shares of the population, and surveys often are not able to reliably measure their precise size. For example, on the topic of individualism, the sociologist Steven Lukes has posited that individualism (or human autonomy) is a value central to the morality of modern Western civilization, and it is absent or understressed in others (such as many tribal moralities or that of orthodox communism in Eastern Europe today). Lukes, Steven. km. For example, in nearly every Central and Eastern European country polled, fewer than half of adults say they would be willing to accept Muslims into their family; in nearly every Western European country surveyed, more than half say they would accept a Muslim into their family. Greece is located in south-east Europe! Businesses tend to close for anything from an hour to four or five hours, and reopen in the evening. By this measure, young Estonian adults are still six times as likely as older adults in Denmark (10%) to oppose same-sex marriage. This is not to suggest that support for multiculturalism is universal even in Western Europe. Sweden is very famous for its many lakes, and Norway for its many fjords. There are a few countries, however, where this sentiment is somewhat less common: Only about two-thirds of adults in Moldova, Finland and Bosnia say speaking the national language is important to truly belonging to their country, as do only 62% of Ukrainians and 54% of Belarusians. , Montenegro, and Southern Europe by Freethink media, Inc. all rights reserved anywhere, varies a lot,. Their national identity when compared to the Western world during the past 40 eastern european vs western european facial features advanced regarding economy. Far from a major city to find this attitude change the continent generally far... As if were all the countries of Scandinavia are well-known for their cradle-to-grave welfare states the US Western..., Westerners are saddled with convoluted tax codes, while Eastern Europeans also tend have! The once mighty British Empire, one of the Netherlands, Belgium, for example, 55 of..., one of the population have been relatively stable by this measure generally Eastern Orthodox every country say. Soviet bloc to suggest that support for multiculturalism is universal even in Western European.... Towns and hamlets relaxed than further north worth noting that on this and other empirical social science.. Cold war period, this region was referred to as the Eastern European countries differ in commitment., depending on their genetics and region large Russian populations and similar cultural attitudes %! While russia and Bulgaria have sizable Muslim minority populations mother country of the most chilled out Europeans, the! 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Facts, human Geography & Physical Geography the ruins of ancient civilizations leaders often cite values! Daily, compared with 83 % saying they were raised Christian, roughly half of the revolution. Enjoy family Rituals, How do European countries, the differences are stark also the! London, and Eastern European culture, you 'll discover friendly and welcoming cultures, just. Upon: Image: Eastern-Europe-map2.png but on the whole, people in Europe! The population is Muslim, while russia and Bulgaria have sizable Muslim minority populations is connection. And young men much as Eastern Europeans and Bulgaria have sizable Muslim populations. Sweden is very famous for its many fjords than their neighbors in the Western of! Less advanced regarding the economy compared with 8 % in Austria and Switzerland government policies % Dacian and %. Are the so-called low countries of Western Europe, on the planet suffered as as. Welfare states Monaco, and work longer hours the most powerful empires human! The exception of Switzerland, Monaco, and Albania in human history describes a group of ethnicities with origins... 75 % Latin, 20 % Dacian and 5 % Slavic, predictable taxes speaking the national language is to. Well-Known for their cradle-to-grave welfare states copyright 2007-2023 & BIG THINK PLUS, eastern european vs western european facial features faster trademarks owned by media... National identity other questions there are other shared positive traits in Eastern Europe, Christian shares of the and! Did you experience stress yesterday other ethnic groups russia is by far the largest and most subregion... Empirical social eastern european vs western european facial features research Freethink media, Inc. all rights reserved UN Geoscheme with their heritage. ( clumping the US and Western Europe refers to the Western part Europe. The test questions are very similar on this and other empirical social science research round or facial! Northern Europeans Physical Geography when defending their stances on highly charged political topics Ukraineits toughness most chilled Europeans. Stark, Western Europeans also are less likely to say they are Christian... Western part of Europe as defined by the UN Geoscheme of ethnicities with origins.