The masks worn in tragedies were different, with idealised features set in calm, serious, or sometimes pained expressions. Brief but comprehensive video introduction to Greek theatre. Greek theatre masks were designed so that the spectators could see the expressions of the actors more clearly, therefore building their understanding of the story. With its exaggerated, grotesque features, this terracotta model shows the mask worn b… With its exaggerated, grotesque features, this terracotta model shows the mask worn by the old man character in many comedies of the 300s BC and later. http://artsedge.kennedy-center.org/interactives/greece/theater/index.html, Create your own Greek tragedy Part of the same website with an interactive activity to create your own Greek tragedy. First episode in BBC series on Greek theatre: excellent introduction to theatre in Athens; a further two episodes continue the story. The plays that followed these demonstrations of civic identity and of Athenian power dealt with human behaviour and aspirations, with right and wrong, with politics and with the nature and power of the gods. Although Dionysos is often thought of simply as the god of wine, it is the transformational power of wine that most characterises him. It is the idea of transformation that lies at the root of this association. Others suggest a strong link with the rituals performed in the worship of Dionysos such as the sacrifice of goats - a song ritual called trag-ōdia - and the wearing of masks. Follow the Theaters link for an interactive plan of a later Greek theatre. No physical evidence remains available to us, as the masks were made of org… We only know what they looked like because theatre was so popular in Greek and Roman times that models of actors and masks were made in other materials such as terracotta, stone and bronze and depicted on gems and in paintings and mosaics. The earliest examples of masks being used in Greece stem from the ancient religious ceremonies of the celebration of various Greek gods, especially deity Dionysus. http://www.nationaltheatre.org.uk/video/an-introduction-to-greek-theatre-0, Video introduction to masks https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jToXlJQZC_g, Overview of Greek theatre Follow the Theaters link for an interactive plan of a later Greek theatre. While we refer to Greek theatre, almost all the Greek plays we have were written and first performed in Athens and it was in Athens that Greek theatre as we know it was invented, developed and reached its height. Their upbringing had been paid for by the city and they were now formally acknowledged as citizens. Greek theatre masks were made of stiffened and painted linen so none have survived to the present day. The Ancient Greek term for a mask is prosopon (lit., "face"), and was a significant element in the worship of Dionysus at Athens, likely used in ceremonial rites and celebrations. One hundred objects from museums across the UK with resources, information and teaching ideas to inspire your students’ interest in history. Then the money paid to Athens as tribute by the subject cities of the Athenian empire, all of whom were required to send a representative, was piled up in the theatre. The productions were paid for partly by the state and partly by rich individuals as a form of contribution to the well-being of the city. In Athens there were three annual festivals of Dionysos at which plays were performed, the most important being the City Dionysia, which took place in March. The masks of Greek theater played an incredibly important role in the development of the theater art form, and are today considered as one of the most iconic conventions of the classical Greek art. Dionysos was fundamentally the god of changeability: grapes become wine, sober becomes drunk, human becomes animal, order becomes chaos. First episode in BBC series on Greek theatre First episode in BBC series on Greek theatre: excellent introduction to theatre in Athens; a further two episodes continue the story. The City Dionysia began with a magnificent procession carrying an image of Dionysos into the theatre. However, the most significant role of the mask was that of transformation: an ordinary man could go beyond his real identity and become a mythological hero or a lusty satyr, a foolish old man or a beautiful young woman, a god or a slave. Attending the theatre was very much a communal and civic event. Indeed, Dionysos became known as the god of theatre and perhaps there is another connection … Greek theatre masks were made of stiffened and painted linen so none have survived to the present day. This was followed by sacrifices and feasting. Nevertheless, the mask is known to have been used since the time of Aeschylus, an ancient Greek tragedian and considered to be one of the iconic conventions of classical Greek theatre. The festival lasted five or six days. KS2: Britain: the Stone Age to the Iron Age, KS3: Britain, Europe and the world: curriculum 1901, KS3: Significant societies in world history, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xf9cDKqwhQw, http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/thtr/hd_thtr.htm, http://www.nationaltheatre.org.uk/video/an-introduction-to-greek-theatre-0, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jToXlJQZC_g, http://artsedge.kennedy-center.org/interactives/greece/theater/index.html, http://artsedge.kennedy-center.org/interactives/greece/theater/stageTragedy.html, http://www.slideshare.net/mharring/greek-theatre, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ancient_Greek_theatrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ancient_Greek_theatres. http://artsedge.kennedy-center.org/interactives/greece/theater/stageTragedy.html, Slideshow introduction to Greek theatre http://www.slideshare.net/mharring/greek-theatre, List of ancient Greek theatres With links to individual entries. In this disguise he could say and do things that could not be said and done in everyday life, and could present to the audience events, actions and ideas that were horrifying or ridiculous, inspiring or fantastic. In a large open-air theatre, like the Theatre of Dionysus in Athens, the classical masks were able to bring the characters’ face closer to the audience, especially since they had intensely over-exaggerated facial features and expressions. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ancient_Greek_theatrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ancient_Greek_theatres, First episode in BBC series on Greek theatre.

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